| Work - poor children |
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Madox Brown painted these figures to show the plight of neglected children. The girl is wearing what is possibly her dead mother's dress, which is much too big for her. She is quite young but is expected to look after her smaller brothers and sisters whilst her father is in the pub. * Why are these children not at school? Education was not made compulsory until The Education Act was passed in 1870, for all between the ages of five and fourteen years. Before this, people usually had to pay. Between 1870 and 1890 the average school attendance rose from one and a quarter million to four and a half million, whilst the money spent on each child was doubled. Read what the artist wrote about them:
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The Artist wrote...I would beg to call your attention to my group of small, exceedingly ragged, dirty children in the foreground of my picture, where you are about to pass. I would, if permitted, observe that, though at first they may appear just such a group of ragged dirty brats as anywhere get in the way and make a noise, yet, being considered attentively, they like insects, molluscs, miniature plants, &c., develop qualities to form a most interesting study, and occupy the mind at times when all else might fail to attract. That they are motherless, the baby's black ribbons and their extreme dilapidation indicate, making them all the more worthy of consideration, a mother, however destitute, would scarcely leave the eldest one in such a plight. As to the father, 1 have no doubt he drinks, and will be sentenced in the police-court for neglecting them. The eldest girl, not more than ten, poor child! is very worn-looking and thin, her frock, evidently the compassionate gift of some grown-up person, she has neither the art nor the means to adapt to her own diminutive proportions - she is fearfully untidy therefore, and her way of wrenching her brother's hair looks vixenish and against her. But than a germ or rudiment of good housewifery seems to pierce through her disordered envelope, for the younger ones are taken care of, and nestle to her as to a mother - the sunburnt baby, which looks wonderfully solemn and intellectual as all babies do, as I have no doubt your own little cherub looks at this moment asleep in its charming basinet, is fat and well-to-do, it has even been put into poor mourning for mother. The other little one, though it sucks a carrot in lieu of a sugar~plum, and is shoeless, seems healthy and happy, watching the workmen. The care of the two little ones is an anxious charge for the elder girl, and she has become a premature scold through having to manage that boy - that boy, though a merry, good-natured-looking young Bohemian, is evidently the plague of her life, as boys always are. Even now he will not leave that workman's barrow alone, and gets his hair well-pulled, as is natural. |
| Clothing Class distinctions were clear cut and rigid with a sharp distinction between the clothes of the rich and the poor. It was easy to tell a person's social position by their style of dress. It was thought unsuitable for working people to imitate the fashions of the wealthy. |
| Questions Why aren't these children at school |
| Clothing | Social Conditions | Education | Towns | Law and Order |